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Ransom Williams: A Freedman's Life in Texas

Who, What, Where and When? 1880s

Local

1880 - With the coming of the railroad, the town of Manchaca Springs relocates and becomes Manchaca, which is only 2.5 miles east of Ransom Williams' farm. Ransom can now make a quick trip to town by horse or wagon to get supplies and can ship his farm products to market by train.
Photo of 1880s train

 

1880s - As successful farmers and landowners, Ransom and Sarah Williams are able to build a good life for themselves and acquire some luxuries for their family. When they spend extra money on a matching set of china with an elegant floral design, imported from England and bought through a mail-order catalogue, it is an expression of their financial success. They are freed from slavery and their lives are improving. Yet outside their home, they still have to deal with much racial injustice in their area, the state, and the nation.

State

1880 - The International & Great Northern Railroad is completed from Austin to San Marcos, and the small communities along the route began to grow.

1880s - Texas cotton production increases from 805, 284 bales in 1880 to 2,506,212 in 1900. Many ex-slaves work as sharecroppers on Texas cotton farms.
Photo of sharecroppers on Texas cotton farms
1880s - Texas and other Southern states pass Jim Crow laws, separating African Americans from white people. If Ransom Williams and his family want to ride a train, they are placed in a car for "colored" only. Segregation is the law in Texas and other Southern states from the 1880s until it is ended by the U.S. Supreme Court in the 1950s.

National

1880s - Large companies such as Montgomery Ward and Sears Roebuck are selling a wide variety of products to customers across the country through their mail-order catalogs. Because of mass production in factories and a growing transportation network, prices for many farm and household goods are lower and more people, including farmers and workers in rural areas, can afford to buy them.
Image of the Sears, Roebuck, and Co. catalogue cover
1883 - The U.S. Supreme Court declares the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional. This act had given all Americans, regardless of race, access to public accommodations and facilities such as restaurants, theaters, trains, and other public transportation, and had protected their right to serve on juries.