Digging through Layers of Time was created by TBH Editor Susan Dial and Education Editor Carol Schlenk. Web Developer Josh Leong created designs and Flash programming for the activities.   Dr. Alston Thoms, Associate Professor of Anthropology at Texas A&M University, and Pat Clabaugh, Curator of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at Texas A&M, provided images and consulted on content. Digging through Layers of Time is based on Dr. Thoms' 2006 report of investigations at the Richard Beene site (see Print Sources below).

These learning activities were developed in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Texas Preservation Trust Fund, and Utopia (University of Texas at Austin).

Image and Media Credits

Unless specified otherwise below, photographs used in the this activity were provided by the Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University.

Stratification Movie: Scenes created by Josh Leong, based on drawings by Jack Johnson, archeologist with the Amistad National Recreation Area, National Park Service. Additional imagery of native people based on drawings by Peggy Maceo.

Vocabulary

Graphics by TBH Editorial Assistant Heather Smith.

Painting of Late Pleistocene creatures by George Strickland from Ancient Texans: Rock Art and Lifeways along the Lower Pecos, 1986, courtesy Witte Museum of San Antonio.

Doorways to the Past

The photograph used on the main page of Doorways to the Past was altered to facilitate the learning activity.

Doorway 1: Photos of Presnall –Watson house circa 1900-1920, and Watson family photos from Adovasio and Green 2003 (Fig. 57-60), courtesy of Mrs. Alma Midget.

Doorway 2: Tax and census records for Harrison Presnall from Adovasio and Green 2003.

Doorway 3:

• Scene of explorers and missionaries from Mission Concepcion, San Antonio Missions National Historic Park, National Park Service. 
• Map of Camino Real (inset, redrawn) from A Texas Legacy: The Old San Antonio Road and the Caminos Reales  by A. Joachim McGraw, John W. Clark, Jr., and Elizabeth A. Robbins (Texas Department of Transportation, 1991).
• Original “Mapa del Presidio de San Antonio de Bexar” by Menchaca, 1764, courtesy of the John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.

Doorway 4: Painting of Native American encampment in South Texas by Frank Weir for Texas Beyond History.

Doorway 5: Painting of hunter with atlatl by Nola Davis, courtesy of Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. The original mural, from which this small scene was extracted, was painted for Lubbock Lake Landmark Interpretive Center.

Doorway 6: Painting of Native American women cooking on stone griddle by Reeda Peel.

Doorway 7: Painting of family cooking in earth oven by Nola Davis, courtesy Texas Parks and Wildlife Department The original painting, created for Government Canyon State Park Visitprs Center, has been altered slightly for this use with permission of the artist.

Doorway 8: Painting of men working with adzing tools in south Texas camp by Frank Weir for Texas Beyond History.

Doorway 9: Painting of hunters butchering mammoth by Nola Davis, courtesy Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. The original mural, from which this small scene was extracted, was painted for Lubbock Lake Landmark Interpretive Center.

Print Sources

1. Adovasio, J. M. and Melissa Green 2003 Historic Archaeological Investigations in the Applewhite Reservoir Project Area, Bexar County, Texas. Report of Investigations 6, Center for Ecological Archaeology, Texas A&M University.
2. McGraw, A. Joachim and Kay Hindes 1987 Chipped Stone and Adobe: A Cultural Resources Assessment of the Proposed Applewhite Reservoir, Bexar County, Texas. Archaeological Survey Report 163, Center for Archaeological Research, University of Texas at San Antonio.
3. McGraw, A. Joachim , John W. Clark, Jr., and Elizabeth A. Robbins 1991 A Texas Legacy: The Old San Antonio Road and the Caminos Reales. Texas Department of Transportation, Austin.
4. Thoms, Alston V. and Rolfe D. Mandel (editors) 2006 Archaeological and Paleocological Investigations at the Richard Beene Site, 41BX831, South Central Texas. Reports of Investigations 8, Center for Environmental Archaeology, Texas A&M University, College Station.